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Protein methods are the techniques used to study proteins.

There are genetic methods for studying proteins, methods for detecting proteins, methods for isolating and purifying proteins and other methods for characterizing the structure and function of proteins, often requiring that the protein first be purified.

Genetic methods

                   conceptual translation- many proteins are never directly sequenced, but their sequence of amino acids is known by "conceptual translation" of a known mRNA sequence. See Genetic code.

                  site-directed mutagenesis allows new variants of proteins to be produced and tested for how structural changes alter protein function.

                              insertion of protein tags such as the His-tag. See also: Green fluorescent protein.

                  evolutionary; analysis of sequence changes in different species using software such as BLAST.

                  Proteins that are involved in human diseases can be identified by matching alleles to disease and other phenotypes using methods such as calculation of LOD scores.

Detecting proteins

                  microscopy, Protein immunostaining

                  immunoprecipitation, Protein immunoprecipitation

                  Western blot

                   Spectrophotometry

                  Enzyme assay

Protein purification

                  Protein Isolation

                              chromatography methods

                  Protein Extraction and Solubilization

                  Protein Concentration Determination Methods, Bradford protein assay

                  Concentrating Protein Solutions

                  Gel electrophoresis

                              Gel Electrophoresis Under denaturing conditions

                              Gel Electrophoresis Under non-denaturing conditions

                              2D Gel Electrophoresis

                  Electrofocusing

Protein structures

                  X-ray crystallography

                  Protein NMR

                  Hydrogen-deuterium exchange

                  Mass spectrometry

                   Molecular dynamics

                   Protein structure prediction

                   Protein sequencing

                  Protein structural alignment

                  Protein ontology

                   Peptide mass fingerprinting

                   Ligand binding assay

                   metabolic labeling

                              heavy isotope labeling

                              radioactive isotope labeling

                  "Protein Methods", 2nd Edition by Daniel M. Bollag, Michael D. Rozycki and Stuart J. Edelstein (1996) Published by Wiley PblishersISBN 0-471-11837-0.